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C++多线程编程之多线程数据共享问题
亿华云2025-10-03 06:16:11【数据库】1人已围观
简介通过容器创建多个线程#include<vector>#include<iostream>#include<thread>voidprintTest(intnum){
通过容器创建多个线程
#include <vector> #include <iostream> #include <thread> void printTest(int num) { std::cout << "子线程:" << num << "启动" << std::endl; std::cout << "子线程:" << num << "结束" << std::endl; } int main() { std::vector<std::thread* > test; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { test.push_back(new std::thread(printTest,线程线程 i)); } for (auto& pmove : test) { pmove->join(); } std::cout << "主线程" << std::endl; return 0; }数据共享问题分析只读数据:稳定安全,不需要特殊处理,编程直接读即可
#include <vector> #include <iostream> #include <thread> std::vector<int> g_data={ 1,数据2,3 }; void printTest(int num) { std::cout << "子线程:" << num << "读操作" << std::endl; for (auto pmove : g_data) { std::cout << pmove << std::endl; } } int main() { std::vector<std::thread* > test; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { test.push_back(new std::thread(printTest, i)); } for (auto& pmove : test) { pmove->join(); } std::cout << "主线程" << std::endl; return 0; }有读有写:需要做特别处理(写只做写,读只做读操作,共享保持共享数据只有唯一操作),问题不然会引发崩溃
#include <list> #include <iostream> #include <thread> class SeaKing { public: void makeFriend() { for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) { std::cout << "增加一个" << std::endl; mm.push_back(i); } } void breakUp() { for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) { if (!mm.empty()) { std::cout << "减少一个:"<<mm.front() << std::endl; mm.pop_front(); } else { std::cout << "已空" << std::endl; } } } protected: std::list<int> mm; }; int main() { SeaKing man; std::thread t1(&SeaKing::makeFriend,线程线程 &man); std::thread t2(&SeaKing::breakUp, &man); t1.join(); t2.join(); return 0; } //以上程序会异常退出加锁的方式解决数据共享问题互斥量mutex: 互斥量可以理解为锁,云服务器提供商他是编程一个mutex类的对象通过调用成员函数lock函数进行加锁通过调用成员函数unlock函数进行解锁
#include <list> #include <iostream> #include <thread> #include <mutex> //1.包含头文件 class SeaKing { public: void makeFriend() { for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) { m_mutex.lock(); std::cout << "增加一个" << std::endl; mm.push_back(i); m_mutex.unlock(); } } bool readInfo() { m_mutex.lock(); //2.加锁 if (!mm.empty()) { std::cout << "减少一个:" << mm.front() << std::endl; mm.pop_front(); m_mutex.unlock(); return true; } m_mutex.unlock(); return false; } void breakUp() { for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) { int result = readInfo(); if (result == false) { std::cout << "已空" << std::endl; } } } protected: std::list<int> mm; std::mutex m_mutex; //创建互斥量对象 }; int main() { SeaKing man; std::thread t1(&SeaKing::makeFriend, &man); std::thread t2(&SeaKing::breakUp, &man); t1.join(); t2.join(); return 0; }注意:lock函数与unlock都是成对出现,如果lock了没有调用unlock会引发异常,数据abort终止程序通过lock_guard加锁。香港云服务器共享
#include <list> #include <iostream> #include <thread> #include <mutex> class SeaKing { public: void makeFriend() { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> sbguard(m_mutex); for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) { std::cout << "增加一个" << std::endl; mm.push_back(i); } } bool readInfo() { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> sbguard(m_mutex); if (!mm.empty()) { std::cout << "减少一个:" << mm.front() << std::endl; mm.pop_front(); return true; } return false; } void breakUp() { for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) { int result = readInfo(); if (result == false) { std::cout << "已空" << std::endl; } } } protected: std::list<int> mm; std::mutex m_mutex; }; int main() { SeaKing man; std::thread t1(&SeaKing::makeFriend,问题 &man); std::thread t2(&SeaKing::breakUp, &man); t1.join(); t2.join(); return 0; }其实lock_guard 在构造函数中进行lock,在析构函数中进行unlock,线程线程本质上还是编程lock与unlock操作。
数据很赞哦!(74912)